了解恶性梗阻性黄疸患者的家庭照顾者在经皮肝穿刺胆道引流术（percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage，PTBD）后照护过程中的照护体验与需求，为制定家庭照顾者的护理干预对策及相关患者指南提供依据。

应用质性研究的现象学方法，由研究者对恶性梗阻性黄疸PTBD术后1~3个月复查患者的主要家庭照顾者进行30~60 min深入访谈，并现场录音和记录，运用Colaizzi七步分析法进行资料的整理和分析。

最终纳入本研究的家庭照顾者14例，其在PTBD术后护理过程中存在的主要问题包括：存在各种心理负担重；希望获取疾病相关知识；认为医疗卫生资源缺乏；认为管道相关材料设置不合理，希望得到改进。

PTBD术后家庭照顾者存在不同程度的心理负担，对于恶性梗阻性黄疸相关疾病知识及PTBD管路维护知识缺乏，医护人员应增加对家庭照顾者的关注度，加强家庭照顾者及患者PTBD术后相关知识宣教，提升家庭照顾者的照护能力以缓解家庭照顾者的照护压力，降低并发症的发生率，减少再入院率，提高患者及家庭照顾者的生活质量。

To understand the care experience and needs of family caregivers of patients with malignant obstructive jaundice in the postoperative care process after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) and to provide a basis for the development of family caregivers nursing intervention strategies and related patient guidelines.

Using the phenomenological method of qualitative research, 30~60 minutes of in-depth interviews were conducted among the primary family caregivers of patients with malignant obstructive jaundice after PTBD 1~3 months, and field recordings and notes were recorded. Data were collated and analyzed using Colaizzi seven-step analysis method.

14 familycaregivers were included in this study, and their main problems in the postoperative care after PTBD included: Various psychological burdens; Hope to acquire disease-related knowledge; Think that medical and health resources are lacking; Think that the piping related materials are unreasonable and hope to be improved.

Family caregivers have varying degrees of psychological burden after PTBD, and lack of knowledge about diseases related to malignant obstructive jaundice after PTBD pipeline maintenance. Therefore, medical staff should strengthen the propaganda and education of family caregivers and patients after PTBD, and improve the caring ability of family caregivers to relieve the care pressure of family caregivers, reduce the incidence of complications, reduce the readmission rate, and improve the quality of life of patients and family caregivers.