To explore the application of "5W1H" clamp list in the nursing of patients with clamping after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) and biliary stent implantation.

From March 2021 to November 2022, 150 patients discharged with tubes after PTBD + biliary stent implantation were randomly divided into control group (75 cases) and observation group (75 cases) using a random number table. The patients in the control group were given nursing health education of indwelling PTBD tubes and tube clamping by the responsible nurse on both the operation and discharge days. The patients in the observation group were given a "5W1H" tube clamping list on the day of operation, based on the control group. The self-made questionnaire was used to evaluate the self-care ability of the two groups of patients/family members at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after operation until the tube was removed, including tube clamping timing, tube clamping principles, specific steps, suspension standards, tube removal timing, and emergency response nursing measures. The incidence of complications and the duration of total catheterization between the two groups of patients were compared.

The self-care ability of patients/family members in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications (infection, tube prolapse, tube blockage) and the duration of tube insertion were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05).

The application of "5W1H" clamp list can improve the self-care ability of patients/family members after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) + biliary stent implantation, reduce the occurrence of complications, and promote patients to complete clamping of tube as soon as possible and recover as soon as possible.