To investigate the factors associated with biliary tract infection after percutaneous biliary stent implantation in order to reduce the incidence of biliary tract infection.

A total of 69 patients with malignant biliary obstruction who underwent percutaneous biliary stent implantation in our hospital from January 2015-August 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into biliary tract infection group and non-chiliary tract infection group. patient factors and surgical factors were assessed and analyzed in both groups. the continuous variables were tested by t test, and the classified variables were tested by χ² test, and the meaningful indexes in single factor analysis were analyzed by binary Logistic multivariate regression analysis to screen out independent risk factors.

Among 69 patients, 17 were biliary tract infection and 52 were non-biliary tract infection. Univariate analysis showed that: stent type (P = 0.038), ¹²⁵I particle number (P = 0.028), operative time (P = 0.007), intraoperative concurrent biliary bleeding (P = 0.003), postoperative stent patency (P = 0.025) were associated with postoperative biliary infection after percutaneous biliary stent implantation. ¹²⁵I intra-group analysis showed that the number of ¹²⁵I particles (P = 0.048) and operation time (P = 0.001) were positively correlated with postoperative biliary tract infection. Binary Logistic multivariate regression analysis revealed that operation time (OR = 1.040, P = 0.043) was an independent risk factor for biliary tract infection after percutaneous biliary stent implantation.

Percutaneous biliary tract ¹²⁵I seed stent placement has a higher incidence of biliary tract infection than bare stent placement, and the infection rate increases as the number of ¹²⁵I seeds increases. Longer operation time could increase, the higher the incidence of biliary tract infection.