To evaluate the efficacy and safety of superselective prostatic arterial embolization (PAE) in the treatment of recurrent benign prostatic hyperplasia after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

10 patients who underwent superselective prostatic arterial embolization in the treatment for recurrent benign prostatic hyperplasia after TURP from January 2018 to August 2020 were collected. After successful puncture with the Seldinger technique, the 5F Cobra catheter was selected to the left internal iliac arteriography, and the coaxial microcatheter technology was used to superselect the 1.98F microcatheter to the left prostatic artery. 300-500 μm microspheres was used to embolize the prostate artery, and the right prostate artery was processed in the same way. IPSS, QoL, maximum urinary flow rate and prostate volume were compared between before PAE and 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after PAE.

10 patients successfully underwent bilateral prostatic artery embolization, and the technical success rate was 100%. The IPSS, QoL, maximum urinary flow rate and prostate volume at 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after PAE were significantly different from those before PAE (P < 0.001). 4 cases developed perineal burning sensation, and 2 cases developed perineal pain. All complications disappeared within 1 week, and no serious complications occurred.

For patients with recurrent benign prostatic hyperplasia after TURP, PAE can significantly improve IPSS, QoL, maximum urinary flow rate and prostate volume, it is a safe and effective method.