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中华介入放射学电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (04) : 338 -343. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5782.2025.04.010

神经介入

症状性非急性大脑中动脉闭塞血管内成功再通的预测因素
张昊1, 谭华桥1, 严烁2, 白卫星1, 张应强1, 吴德堤1, 杜佳航1, 陆志勇1, 马林1,()   
  1. 1 518107 广东深圳,中山大学附属第七医院介入放射科
    2 200065 上海,同济大学附属同济医院介入科
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-17 出版日期:2025-11-25
  • 通信作者: 马林

Predictive Factors for Successful Endovascular Recanalization in Symptomatic Non-acute Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Hao Zhang1, Huaqiao Tan1, Shuo Yan2, Weixing Bai1, Yingqiang Zhang1, Dedi Wu1, Jiahang Du1, Zhiyong Lu1, Lin Ma1,()   

  1. 1 Department of Interventional Radiology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518107, China
    2 Department of Interventional Radiology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji University, Shanghai, 200065, China
  • Received:2025-03-17 Published:2025-11-25
  • Corresponding author: Lin Ma
引用本文:

张昊, 谭华桥, 严烁, 白卫星, 张应强, 吴德堤, 杜佳航, 陆志勇, 马林. 症状性非急性大脑中动脉闭塞血管内成功再通的预测因素[J/OL]. 中华介入放射学电子杂志, 2025, 13(04): 338-343.

Hao Zhang, Huaqiao Tan, Shuo Yan, Weixing Bai, Yingqiang Zhang, Dedi Wu, Jiahang Du, Zhiyong Lu, Lin Ma. Predictive Factors for Successful Endovascular Recanalization in Symptomatic Non-acute Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Interventional Radiology(Electronic Edition), 2025, 13(04): 338-343.

目的

探讨症状性非急性大脑中动脉闭塞(symptomatic non-acute middle cerebral artery occlusion, SNMCAO)患者血管内再通治疗的成功预测因素,为临床筛选适合该治疗的患者提供依据。

方法

回顾性分析2016年1月至2023年10月在中山大学附属第七医院及同济大学附属同济医院接受血管内再通治疗的47例SNMCAO患者的临床和影像学资料。记录患者的基线特征、闭塞段影像学特征、围术期结果及3个月随访结果。采用Logistic二元回归分析评估与血管内再通成功相关的影响因素。

结果

共纳入患者47例,其中男性35例(74.5%),年龄60±11岁,中位闭塞时间为14.5 d。单因素分析显示,再通成功组与再通失败组在闭塞时间、闭塞段长度、残端形态及缓慢前向血流征(slow distal antegrade flow, SDAF)方面,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析确定,闭塞时间≤3个月(OR=35.828,95% CI:1.153~1113.800;P=0.041)、闭塞段长度<10 mm(OR=29.814,95% CI:1.745~509.480;P=0.019)和存在SDAF(OR=18.376,95% CI:1.213~278.496;P=0.036)是SNMCAO患者血管内再通成功的独立预测因素。

结论

闭塞时间≤3个月、闭塞段长度<10 mm和存在SDAF是SNMCAO患者血管内再通技术成功的独立预测因素。这些发现有助于临床筛选血管内再通的最佳受益人群。

Objective

To identify predictive factors for successful endovascular recanalization in patients with symptomatic non-acute middle cerebral artery occlusion (SNMCAO) and provide a basis for selecting appropriate candidates for this treatment.

Methods

Clinical and imaging data of 47 SNMCAO patients who underwent endovascular recanalization at The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and Tongji Hospital Affiliated Tongji University between January 2016 and October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Baseline characteristics, occlusion segment imaging features, perioperative outcomes, and 3-month follow-up results were collected. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors of recanalization success.

Results

Of the 47 patients, 35 (74.5%) were male, with a mean age of 60±11 years. The median occlusion duration was 14.5 days. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences between the success and failure groups in occlusion duration, occlusion segment length, stump morphology, and presence of slow distal antegrade flow (SDAF). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified occlusion duration ≤ 3 months (OR=35.828, 95% CI: 1.153~1113.800, P=0.041), occlusion segment length < 10 mm (OR=29.814, 95% CI: 1.745~509.480, P=0.019), and presence of SDAF (OR=18.376, 95% CI: 1.213~278.496, P=0.036) as independent predictive factors for successful recanalization.

Conclusion

Occlusion duration of ≤ 3 months, occlusion segment length of < 10 mm, and the presence of SDAF are independent predictors of successful endovascular recanalization in SNMCAO patients. These factors may assist in selecting patients most likely to benefit from this intervention.

表1 再通成功组和再通失败组一般资料比较表
基线资料 总数(n=47) 再通成功(n=39) 再通失败(n=8) P*
年龄(岁,
±s
59.57±11.009 60.28±10.526 56.12±13.368 0.336
男性[例(%)] 35(74.5) 31(79.5) 4(50.0) 0.195
高危因素[例(%)] 高血压 34(72.3) 29(74.4) 5(62.5) 0.803
糖尿病 20(42.6) 17(43.6) 3(37.5) 1.000
冠心病 6(12.8) 5(12.8) 1(12.5) 1.000
吸烟史 27(57.4) 23(59.0) 4(50.0) 0.940
饮酒史 15(31.9) 12(30.8) 3(37.5) 1.000
高血脂 21(44.7) 20(51.3) 1(12.5) 0.105
缺血事件[例(%)] 进展性卒中 22(46.8) 21(53.8) 1(12.5) 0.081
反复性卒中/TIA 25(53.2) 18(46.2) 7(87.5)
闭塞时间[d,M(Q1Q3)] 14.5(3.3,33.5) 10(2.5,30) 60(16,102) 0.001
闭塞时间[例(%)] ≤3个月 43(91.5) 38(97.4) 5(62.5) 0.011
>3个月 4(8.5) 1(2.6) 3(37.5)
围术期NIHSS评分[分,M(Q1Q3)] 3(1,6) 4(1,7) 0(1,3) 0.051
围术期mRS评分[分,M(Q1Q3)] 2(1,3) 2(1,4) 1(1,2) 0.166
残端形态[例(%)] 锥形残端 34(72.3%) 31(79.5%) 3(37.5%) 0.047
无残端/钝形残端 13(27.7%) 8(20.5%) 5(62.5%)
闭塞段长度[例(%)] ≤10 mm 41(87.2%) 37(94.9%) 4(50.0%) 0.004
>10 mm 6(12.8%) 2(5.1%) 4(50.0%)
闭塞段角度[例(%)] >45° 2(4.3%) 1(2.6%) 1(12.5%) 0.759
≤45° 45(95.7%) 38(97.4%) 7(87.5%)
闭塞段钙化[例(%)] 43(91.5%) 37(94.9%) 6(75.0%) 0.255
4(8.5%) 2(5.1%) 2(25.0%)
闭塞段SDAF征象 17(36.2%) 10(25.6%) 7(87.5%) 0.004
30(63.8%) 29(74.4%) 1(12.5%)
图1 SNMCAO患者血管内再通前后的影像资料 1A:术前头颅MRI示右侧脑室旁及顶叶散在梗死病灶;1B:术前头颅CTP示右侧大脑中动脉供血区灌注不良;1C:术前头颅CTA示右侧大脑中动脉M1段闭塞(长箭头);1D:右侧颈内动脉造影示右侧大脑中动脉M1段闭塞,可见锥形残端(长箭头);1E:微导丝尝试通过闭塞段(长箭头);1F:微导管造影证实微导管头端位于远端血管床内(长箭头);1G:1.5 mm × 8 mm球囊预扩张闭塞段(长箭头);1H:置入2.25 mm × 10 mm Nova支架(长箭头);1I:术后即刻造影示支架内血流通畅,远端血流灌注为 mTICI 3级。SNMCAO:症状性非急性大脑中动脉闭塞;MRI:磁共振成像;CTA:计算机断层扫描成像;CTP:计算机断层扫描灌注成像。
表2 围术期并发症发生情况[例(%)]
表3 血管内再通成功的Logistic多因素回归分析
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