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中华介入放射学电子杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (04) : 408 -413. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5782.2022.04.012

神经介入

急性缺血性脑卒中血栓成分与卒中病因及临床预后的关联分析
汪琛栋1, 贾振宇1, 曹月洲1, 赵林波1, 刘圣1, 施海彬1,()   
  1. 1. 210029 江苏南京,南京医科大学第一附属医院介入放射科
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-23 出版日期:2022-11-25
  • 通信作者: 施海彬

Correlation analysis of thrombus composition and clinical outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing mechanical thrombectomy

Chendong Wang1, Zhenyu Jia1, Yuezhou Cao1, Linbo Zhao1, Sheng Liu1, Haibin Shi1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Nanjing 210029, China
  • Received:2021-11-23 Published:2022-11-25
  • Corresponding author: Haibin Shi
引用本文:

汪琛栋, 贾振宇, 曹月洲, 赵林波, 刘圣, 施海彬. 急性缺血性脑卒中血栓成分与卒中病因及临床预后的关联分析[J]. 中华介入放射学电子杂志, 2022, 10(04): 408-413.

Chendong Wang, Zhenyu Jia, Yuezhou Cao, Linbo Zhao, Sheng Liu, Haibin Shi. Correlation analysis of thrombus composition and clinical outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing mechanical thrombectomy[J]. Chinese Journal of Interventional Radiology(Electronic Edition), 2022, 10(04): 408-413.

目的

研究急性缺血性脑卒中的血栓成分与卒中病因、手术参数和临床结局的关系。

方法

回顾性分析2019年9月至2020年12月于我中心行血管内机械取栓治疗且成功取得血栓标本的急性缺血性脑卒中患者临床资料。对取出的血栓行H&E染色及MSB染色定量分析血栓主要成分,根据血栓成分占比的不同分为富含红细胞类型和富含纤维蛋白/血小板类型,比较两组患者的一般临床资料、血管成功开通率以及临床预后的差异。

结果

纳入分析的194例患者中135例患者血栓成分以纤维蛋白/血小板为主,59例患者血栓以红细胞为主。手术开通时间与血栓红细胞占比呈负相关(r =-0.355 0,P < 0.001),与纤维蛋白及血小板占比呈正相关(r = 0.258 2,P = 0.003;r = 0.212 6,P = 0.002 9)。血栓中富含纤维蛋白/血小板的患者心源性栓塞的比例更高(71.1% vs 33.9%,P < 0.001),取栓次数更多[3(1,4)次vs 2(1,2)次,P = 0.001],手术开通时间更长[78(45~90)min vs 45(30~67) min,P =0.001],血管成功开通率更低(81.5% vs 93.2%,P = 0.035),功能预后更差(3个月mRS评分0~2分的比例,39.3% vs 59.3%,P = 0.01)。

结论

富含纤维蛋白/血小板血栓的患者心源性栓塞的可能性更大,需要更多的取栓次数,更长的开通时间,并且成功开通率更低,临床预后更差。

Objective

To investigate the relationship between thrombus composition with stroke etiology, intervention parameters and clinical outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods

Patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy with available clots for further pathology analyses at our center from September 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively enrolled in our study. Retrieved thrombi were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Martius Scarlet blue (MSB) and quantitatively analyzed for main components, based on which patients were assigned to fibrin/platelet group and erythrocyte-rich group. Baseline characteristics, recanalization results and outcomes were compared between the two groups.

Results

A total of 194 patients were included, 135 in fibrin/platelet group and 59 in erythrocyte-rich group. Procedure time was negatively related to the percentage of erythrocyte (r = -0.355 0, P < 0.001), while positively related to the percentage of fibrin and platelet (r = 0.258 2, P = 0.003; r = 0.212 6, P = 0.002 9). Compared to the erythrocyte-rich group patients, fibrin/platelet-rich group patients were characterized by higher proportion of cardioembolic etiology (71.1% vs 33.9%, P < 0.001), more maneuvers [3(1,4) vs 2(1,2), P = 0.001], longer procedure time [78(45~90) min vs 45(30~67) min, P = 0.001], lower revascularization rate (81.5% vs 93.2%, P = 0.035), and worse functional outcome (90d-mRS0-2, 39.3% vs 59.3%, P = 0.01).

Conclusions

Fibrin/platelet-rich clots were correlated with cardioembolic etiology, more recanalization maneuvers, increased procedure time, lower revascularization rate and worse functional outcome.

图1 急性缺血性脑卒中取出血栓病理染色图像(MSB染色,×200)1A:富含纤维蛋白/血小板血栓;1B:富含红细胞血栓。黄色区域代表红细胞成分,紫色区域代表纤维蛋白成分,灰白色区域代表血小板成分。
表1 急性缺血性脑卒中不同血栓成分患者基线临床特征的比较
参数\分组 富纤维蛋白/血小板组(n = 135) 富红细胞组(n = 59) t/χ2/Z P
年龄(岁,±s 72(43~92) 69(44~96) -1.099 0.272
男性[n(%)] 65(48.1) 32(54.2) 4.358 0.435
高血压[n(%)] 85(62.9) 35(59.3) 0.231 0.631
糖尿病[n(%)] 29(21.4) 11(18.6) 0.202 0.653
冠心病[n(%)] 25(18.5) 7(11.9) 1.320 0.251
心房颤动[n(%)] 69(51.1) 17(28.8) 8.271 0.004
既往脑梗史[n(%)] 28(20.7) 12(20.3) 0.004 0.949
入院血糖(mmol/L) 7.2(2.6~18.2) 7.05(5.0~15.4) -0.761 0.447
红细胞 4.4 ± 0.61 4.4 ± 0.65 -0.414 0.680
中性粒细胞 7.61 ± 8.61 7.46 ± 2.81 -0.123 0.902
淋巴细胞 1.38 ± 0.69 1.32 ± 0.52 -0.550 0.583
单核细胞 0.50 ± 0.22 0.49 ± 0.19 -0.081 0.935
血小板 171(78~364) 170(77~487) -0.842 0.400
ASPECTS评分 7(6~10) 7(6~10) -0.004 0.997
入院NIHSS评分 17(1~35) 16(2~35) -0.090 0.363
抗凝[n(%)] 28(20.7) 3(5.1) 11.714 0.006
抗血小板[n(%)] 23(17.0) 13(22.0) 0.678 0.410
静脉溶栓[n(%)] 50(37.0) 16(27.1) 1.799 0.180
TOAST分型[n(%)]     27.279 0.001
心源性 96(71.1) 20(33.9)    
  大动脉粥样硬化性 26(19.3) 33(61.0)    
  其他原因型 3(2.2) 2(3.4)    
  不明原因型 10(7.4) 4(6.8)    
闭塞部位[n(%)]     14.580 0.001
  颈内动脉 29(21.5) 28(47.4)    
  大脑中动脉 86(63.7) 22(37.3)    
  椎基底动脉 20(14.8) 9(15.3)    
表2 不同血栓成分患者手术过程、临床预后的比较
表3 大血管闭塞型脑卒中患者不良预后的单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析
图2 血栓成分与手术开通时间的相关性分析2A:红细胞成分占比与手术开通时间的相关性分析;2B:纤维蛋白成分与手术开通时间的相关性分析;2C:血小板成分与手术开通时间的相关性分析;2D:纤维蛋白&血小板占比与手术开通时间的相关性分析。
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