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中华介入放射学电子杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (01) : 22 -26. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5782.2022.01.004

神经介入

后循环急性缺血性脑卒中患者经机械取栓完全复流后不良预后的影响因素分析
陈正文1, 李沛城,1, 陈珑1, 刘一之1, 李波1, 袁晨1, 侯凯文1   
  1. 1. 215006 江苏苏州,苏州大学附属第一医院介入科
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-15 出版日期:2022-02-25
  • 通信作者: 李沛城

Predictors of poor outcome despite complete reperfusion after mechanical thrombectomy of posterior circulation acute ischemic stroke

Zhengwen Chen1, Peicheng Li,1, Long Chen1, Yizhi Liu1, Bo Li1, Chen Yuan1, Kaiwen Hou1   

  1. 1. Department of Interventional Radiolody, the First Affliiated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Suzhou 215006, China
  • Received:2021-07-15 Published:2022-02-25
  • Corresponding author: Peicheng Li
引用本文:

陈正文, 李沛城, 陈珑, 刘一之, 李波, 袁晨, 侯凯文. 后循环急性缺血性脑卒中患者经机械取栓完全复流后不良预后的影响因素分析[J/OL]. 中华介入放射学电子杂志, 2022, 10(01): 22-26.

Zhengwen Chen, Peicheng Li, Long Chen, Yizhi Liu, Bo Li, Chen Yuan, Kaiwen Hou. Predictors of poor outcome despite complete reperfusion after mechanical thrombectomy of posterior circulation acute ischemic stroke[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Interventional Radiology(Electronic Edition), 2022, 10(01): 22-26.

目的

探索后循环急性缺血性脑卒中(PCS)患者经机械取栓并完全恢复前向血流后部分患者临床预后仍然不佳的影响因素。

方法

连续纳入2017年1月至2020年9月于我院接受机械取栓治疗的PCS患者并进行回顾性分析。闭塞血管完全恢复前向血流定义为改良脑梗死溶栓血流分级(mTICI)达3级。90 d改良Rankin评分(mRS)> 2分则被定义为预后不良。将患者基线资料、治疗相关指标纳入多因素分析,并采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)来确定最佳界值。

结果

共纳入39例经机械取栓治疗后完全恢复前向血流(mTICI 3级)的PCS患者。其中,预后不良患者共20例(51.3%)。采用逐步Logistic回归分析显示,入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分较高(OR = 1.21,95%CI = 1.037~1.414,P = 0.016)、后交通动脉(PcomA)未开放(OR = 0.052,95%CI = 0.005~0.557,P = 0.014)为90 d不良预后的独立预测因素。基于ROC曲线分析显示,入院时NIHSS评分曲线下面积为0.762,截断值为20分,敏感度为70.0%,特异度为84.2%。

结论

入院时NIHSS评分高、后交通动脉未开放,是后循环急性缺血性脑卒中患者接受机械取栓治疗并完全恢复前向血流后临床预后仍不佳的相关因素。

Objective

To investigate the poor prognostic factors of posterior circulation stroke (PCS) after complete reperfusion by mechanical thrombectomy.

Methods

39 patients with PCS treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) from January 2017 to September 2020 were included and retrospectively analyzed. Complete reperfusion in occlusive vessels was defined as modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI) grade 3. 90 d modified Rankin score (mRS) > 2 was defined as a poor outcome. The baseline data and treatment-related indicators were included in the multivariate analysis, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the best cut-off value.

Results

39 patients with complete reperfusion (mTICI 3) were included in this study. Poor outcome was observed in 20 (51.3%) of these patients. Stepwise Logistic regression analysis showed that lower NIHSS score (OR = 1.21, 95%CI = 1.037-1.414, P = 0.016) and posterior communicating artery (PcomA) patency (OR = 0.052, 95%CI = 0.005-0.557, P = 0.014) were independent predictors of favourable 90 d outcome. Based on the analysis of ROC curve, the area under the curve of NIHSS score at admission was 0.762, cut-off value was 20, sensitivity was 70.0%, specificity was 84.2%.

Conclusions

High NIHSS score and PcomA occlusion at admission are poor prognostic factors of PCS treated with mechanical thrombectomy after complete reperfusion.

图1 患者90 d改良Rankin(mRS)评分分布图
图2 患者NIHSS评分的ROC曲线分析图AUC = 0.762,截断值= 20,灵敏度= 70.0%,特异度= 84.2%
表1 机械取栓术后90 d预后良好组与预后不良组一般资料比较
观察指标 总计(n = 39) mRS≤2(n = 19) mRS > 2(n = 20) P
年龄 62.9±1.9 60.3±2.9 65.4±2.6 0.204
性别(男,%) 27.0(69.2%) 11.0(57.9%) 16.0(80.0%) 0.135
NIHSS 17.0±1.3 13.6±1.6 20.3±1.7 0.007a
pc-ASPECTS(IQR) 10(6-10) 10(8-10) 9(6-10) 0.041a
危险因素        
  抽烟 61.5%(24) 57.9%(11) 65.0%(13) 0.648
  高血压 69.2%(27) 68.4%(13) 70.0%(14) 0.915
  糖尿病 35.9%(14) 21.1%(4) 50.0%(10) 0.060
  高血脂 28.2%(11) 21.1%(4) 35.0%(7) 0.333
TOAST分型       0.557
  动脉粥样硬化 61.5%(24) 73.7%(14) 50.0%(10)  
  房颤 30.8%(12) 31.6%(6) 30.0%(6)  
  不明原因 7.7%(3) 5.3%(1) 10.0%(2)  
再灌注治疗       0.905
  直接取栓 64.1%(25) 63.2%(12) 65.0%(13)  
  桥接取栓 35.9%(14) 36.8%(7) 35.0%(7)  
  发病至穿刺时间 361.2±27.9 347.5±42.6 374.2±37.4 0.640
  手术时间 115.6±9.5 114.4±16.6 116.7±10.2 0.424
  发病至再通时间 486.3±29.2 461.9±46.9 509.4±35.8 0.906
  麻醉方式(局,%) 53.8%(21) 63.2%(12) 45.0%(9) 0.256
  取栓次数(IQR) 1.0(0~4) 1.0(1~4) 1.0(1~3) 0.607
  PcomA开放 43.6%(17) 63.2%(12) 25.0%(5) 0.016a
  既往卒中 17.9%(7) 21.1%(4) 15.0%(3) 0.182
  ICH 25.6%(10) 15.6%(3) 35.0%(7) 0.273
闭塞部位       0.215
  BA尖 28.2%(11) 15.8%(3) 40.0%(8)  
  BA中段 30.8%(12) 36.8%(7) 25.0%(5)  
  VA-BA起始 28.2%(11) 26.3%(5) 30.0%(6)  
  PCA 12.8%(5) 21.1%(4) 5.0%(1)  
表2 机械取栓术后不良预后危险因素的多元Logistic回归分析结果
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