下肢深静脉血栓形成的溶栓治疗现状与尿激酶、阿替普酶的临床应用

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5782.2017.04.016

下肢深静脉血栓形成是临床常见静脉回流障碍性血管疾病之一。在抗凝治疗基础上，溶栓治疗不失为一种积极有效的策略选择，深受国内外学者的关注。因此，探寻一个既能高效清除血栓又可减少出血的最佳纤溶药物、剂量和溶栓模式有着重要意义。目前，尿激酶和阿替普酶是国内外下肢深静脉血栓形成溶栓中最常应用的溶栓剂，对于溶栓药物的给药剂量及模式在不同研究机构中多为经验性应用。本文就目前下肢溶栓治疗中尿激酶和阿替普酶的溶栓速率、剂量、有效性及安全性的临床应用现状作一综述。

关键词: 尿激酶, 阿替普酶, 深静脉血栓形成, 溶栓, 介入性

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is one of the most common venous reflux disorders in vascular disease. On the basis of anticoagulant therapy, thrombolytic therapy is an active and effective option that has drawn a wide attention of international researchers and clinicians in the field. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the best thrombolytic drug, dosage and thrombolytic mode, which not only can effectively remove thrombus but also can reduce bleeding. At present, urokinase and rt-PA are the most prevalent thrombolytic agents in the treatment of DVT worldwide, and most of the studies on the dosage and mode of such thrombolytic drugs conducted by various research groups and labs stay at empirical level. In this article, we make a comprehensive review concerning the current situation of thrombolysis rate, dosage, efficacy and safety of urokinase and rt-PA in clinical application for DVT on thrombolysis.

Key words: Urokinase, rt-PA, deep Venous thrombosis, Thrombolysis, Interventional

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Review of thrombolytic therapy for deep venous thrombosis and clinical application of urokinase and rt-PA