To evaluate the clinical efficacy of transcatheter selective arterial embolization in the treatment of renal giant angiomyolipoma.

Between October 2014 and June 2018, six patients with renal giant angiomyolipoma were treated by transcatheter selective arterial embolization. Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed with respect to the success rate, embolism materials and postoperative complications.

Nine lesions in 6 patients were included, and 7 lesions were performed by selective arterial embolization, and conservative treatment performed in other 2 small lesions. Embolization was technically successful in all patients. Emergency arterial embolization was performed in 3 patients with spontaneous rupture of giant angiomyolipoma. The mean follow-up period was 21.7 months (ranging of 2 to 45 months) . After arterial embolization, the tumor maximum diameter was shrunk by (5.57±2.88) cm [ (14.14±4.85) cm vs (19.71±7.25) cm] with statistical significance (t=4.54, P<0.05) . The clinical symptoms of renal angiomyolipoma were markedly improved without hemorrhage. One patient underwent nephrectomy because of the large lesion and the requirement of childbirth.

Transcatheter selective arterial embolization is an effective and safe treatment of renal giant angiomyolipoma. For lesions with abundant blood supply or with large aneurysm or arteriovenous malformations, the combination of histoacryl, lipiodol and coil may achieve better effect.