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中华介入放射学电子杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (01) : 89 -96. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5782.2026.01.013

技术与方法

颈内动脉粥样硬化斑块的三维MR血管壁成像特征对急性脑梗死的预测效能研究
朱华, 邓一军()   
  1. 224200 江苏东台,东台市人民医院
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-31 出版日期:2026-02-25
  • 通信作者: 邓一军

Three-dimensional MR Vascular wall imaging of internal carotid atherosclerotic plaque and its potential to predict the risk of acute cerebral infarction

Hua Zhu, Yijun Deng()   

  1. Dongtai People's Hospital, Dongtai 224200, China
  • Received:2024-10-31 Published:2026-02-25
  • Corresponding author: Yijun Deng
引用本文:

朱华, 邓一军. 颈内动脉粥样硬化斑块的三维MR血管壁成像特征对急性脑梗死的预测效能研究[J/OL]. 中华介入放射学电子杂志, 2026, 14(01): 89-96.

Hua Zhu, Yijun Deng. Three-dimensional MR Vascular wall imaging of internal carotid atherosclerotic plaque and its potential to predict the risk of acute cerebral infarction[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Interventional Radiology(Electronic Edition), 2026, 14(01): 89-96.

目的

利用快速三维磁共振血管壁成像技术(rapid 3d magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging, 3D MR-VWI),预测颈内动脉粥样硬化斑块特征及急性脑梗死(acute cerebral infarction, ACI)之间的关系。

方法

选取2020年8月至2023年8月就诊于东台市人民医院的227例颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者行3D MR-VWI检查,并依据病理结果分为ACI组(115例)和非ACI组(112例),分析两组患者颈内动脉粥样硬化斑块特征;采用LASSO回归及多因素Logistic回归分析ACI发生的影响因素,并根据多因素分析结果构建列线图预测模型,对模型的诊断效能进行评价。

结果

本研究中3D MR-VW检查与病理诊断结果的一致性较高(Kappa值=0.802),且不稳定性斑块MR积分较稳定性斑块显著增加(P<0.05);ACI组高血压及糖尿病比例、三酰甘油(triglyceride, TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C)、收缩压、同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine, Hcy)、超敏C反应蛋白、D-二聚体及纤维蛋白原水平、颈动脉斑块数、斑块厚度、斑块长度、斑块MR积分显著增加,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平较非ACI组显著降低(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示TG、LDL-C、收缩压、Hcy、D-二聚体、斑块MR积分是影响ACI发生的影响因素(均P<0.05);并构建列线图预测模型,绘制ROC曲线及校准曲线表明该预测模型区分度较高,准确度较好。

结论

ACI的发生与颈内动脉粥样硬化斑块特征关系密切,临床可采用3D MR-VWI结合斑块MR积分技术,有效评估斑块特征,以便早期干预,降低ACI发生风险。

Objective

The relationship between the characteristics of carotid atherosclerotic plaque and ACI was predicted by rapid 3D magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (3D MR-VWI).

Methods

From August 2020 to August 2023, 227 patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaque who visited Dongtai People's Hospital underwent 3D MR-VWI examination and were divided into an ACI group (115 cases) and non ACI group (112 cases) based on pathological results. Analyzed the characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques in the internal carotid artery of the two groups of patients, used LASSO regression and multiple logistic regression analysis to identify influencing factors for ACI occurrence; And based on the results of multi factor analysis, constructed a column chart prediction model, Based on the results of multi-factor analysis, a nomogram prediction model was constructed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the model.

Results

In this study, the consistency between 3D MR-VW examination and pathological diagnosis results was high (Kappa value=0.802), and the MR product score of unstable plaques was significantly higher than that of stable plaques, with statistical significance (P<0.05); In ACI group, the proportion of hypertension and diabetes, triglyceride(TG),lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), systolic blood pressure, homocysteine(Hcy), hypersensitive C-reactive protein, D-dimer, and fibrinogen levels, carotid plaque number, plaque length, plaque thickness, plaque MR score significantly increased, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol level significantly decreased compared with the non ACI group (P<0.05); The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Hcy, TG, LDL-C, systolic blood pressure, D-dimer, and plaque MR score were influencing factors for the occurrence of ACI (P<0.05 for all); And constructed a prediction model and drawing the ROC curve and the calibration curve to indicate that the prediction model had high discriminability and good accuracy.

Conclusion

The characteristics of carotid atherosclerotic plaque are closely related to the occurrence of ACI. 3D MR-VWI combined with plaque MR integral technology can be used clinically to effectively evaluate the characteristics of plaque, so as to facilitate early intervention and reduce the risk of ACI.

表1 两组患者一般资料对比
因素 ACI组(n=115) 非ACI组(n=112) t /χ2 P
性别[例(%)] 59 (51.30) 63 (56.25) 0.558 0.455
年龄(岁) 62.35±12.50 64.58±11.00 1.425 0.155
身体质量指数(kg/m2 23.81±2.60 23.19±2.45 1.848 0.066
吸烟[例(%)] 26 (22.61) 35 (31.25) 2.156 0.142
饮酒[例(%)] 20 (17.39) 30 (26.79) 2.916 0.088
高血压[例(%)] 29 (25.22) 16 (14.29) 4.266 0.039
糖尿病[例(%)] 25 (21.74) 13 (11.61) 4.179 0.041
冠心病史[例(%)] 11 (9.57) 12 (10.71) 0.082 0.774
甲状腺病史[例(%)] 18 (15.65) 15 (13.39) 0.233 0.629
脑梗死家族史[例(%)] 9 (7.83) 14 (12.50) 1.361 0.243
TG(mmol/L) 2.58±0.90 1.81±0.97 6.202 <0.001
总胆固醇(mmol/L) 3.11±1.01 2.93±0.98 1.362 0.174
LDL-C(mmol/L) 3.75±0.74 2.34±0.93 12.657 <0.001
高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(mmol/L) 1.28±0.40 1.57±0.32 6.022 <0.001
血糖(mmol/L) 6.62±1.44 6.25±1.80 1.712 0.088
收缩压(mmHg) 163.10±13.03 154.49±12.87 4.989 <0.001
舒张压(mmHg) 100.03±9.69 98.31±9.70 1.336 0.183
尿酸(μmol/L) 432.36±85.20 412.33±88.23 1.740 0.083
Hcy(μmol/L) 22.40±5.03 17.99±4.58 6.902 <0.001
超敏C反应蛋白(mg/L) 10.62±5.10 6.65±2.62 7.348 <0.001
D-二聚体(mg/L) 0.48±0.16 0.27±0.05 13.273 <0.001
纤维蛋白原(g/L) 4.52±1.08 2.88±0.97 12.026 <0.001
尿素氮(mmol/L) 7.05±2.20 6.78±1.96 0.975 0.330
肌酐(μmol/L) 85.14±10.80 82.48±9.71 1.950 0.052
颈动脉斑块数(个) 1.46±0.28 1.38±0.31 2.041 0.042
斑块厚度(mm) 2.72±0.68 2.51±0.65 2.377 0.018
斑块长度(mm) 12.15±2.32 10.06±2.20 6.961 <0.001
斑块MR积分(分) 2.32±0.40 1.76±0.30 11.909 <0.001
表2 颈内动脉粥样硬化斑块性质评估
图1 LASSO回归分析筛选潜在预测因子 1A:风险变量系数路径图;1B:LASSO回归交叉验证曲线
表3 相关危险因素分析
表4 斑块MR积分与ACI发生的关系
图2 斑块MR积分与急性脑梗死发生风险的剂量-反应关系 2A:斑块MR积分与男性ACI发生风险的剂量-反应关系;2B:斑块MR积分与女性ACI发生风险的剂量-反应关系;ACI:急性脑梗死
图3 构建ACI发生的列线图预测模型
表5 Bootstrap model内部验证前后模型区分度指标比较
图4 ROC曲线评价模型区分度 4A:验证前;4B:验证后
图5 校准曲线评价模型准确度 5A:验证前;5B:验证后
表6 斑块MR积分与其他指标间的交互分析
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