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中华介入放射学电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (02) : 135 -142. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5782.2025.02.007

非血管介入

125I粒子条联合双支架植入术治疗Bismuth Ⅲ~Ⅳ型恶性肝门部胆管梗阻的疗效及安全性
周传国1, 张勇1, 刘克云1, 李惠1, 杨翔宇1, 高堃1,()   
  1. 1. 100020 北京,首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院介入医学科
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-15 出版日期:2025-05-25
  • 通信作者: 高堃

Iodine-125 seeds strip combined with double self-expandable metallic stents for treatment of bismuth type Ⅲ-Ⅳ malignant biliary obstruction

Chuanguo Zhou1, Yong Zhang1, Keyun Liu1, Hui Li1, Xiangyu Yang1, Kun Gao1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Interventional Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
  • Received:2024-07-15 Published:2025-05-25
  • Corresponding author: Kun Gao
引用本文:

周传国, 张勇, 刘克云, 李惠, 杨翔宇, 高堃. 125I粒子条联合双支架植入术治疗Bismuth Ⅲ~Ⅳ型恶性肝门部胆管梗阻的疗效及安全性[J/OL]. 中华介入放射学电子杂志, 2025, 13(02): 135-142.

Chuanguo Zhou, Yong Zhang, Keyun Liu, Hui Li, Xiangyu Yang, Kun Gao. Iodine-125 seeds strip combined with double self-expandable metallic stents for treatment of bismuth type Ⅲ-Ⅳ malignant biliary obstruction[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Interventional Radiology(Electronic Edition), 2025, 13(02): 135-142.

目的

分析125I 粒子条联合双胆管自膨式金属支架(self-expandable metallic stents,SEMS)植入治疗Ⅲ~Ⅳ型肝门部恶性胆管梗阻(malignant biliary obstruction, MBO)的有效性和安全性。

方法

选择2016 年5 月至2023 年8 月首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院接受125I 粒子条联合SEMS 植入治疗的MBO 患者215 例,其中26 例Ⅲ~Ⅳ型肝门部MBO 患者接受125I 粒子条联合双SEMS 植入术。分析患者的一般情况、SEMS 植入方法、技术成功率、临床成功率、总生存时间、支架通畅时间和并发症。

结果

26 例患者中,Ⅲ型肝门部MBO 7 例,Ⅳ型肝门部MBO 19 例。4 种不同支架植入方式,包括X 型、T 型、Y 型和串联型,其中X 型支架植入术占11.5%(3/26),T 型占23.1%(6/26),Y 型占38.5%(10/26),串联型占26.9%(7/26)。技术成功率96.2%,临床成功率为100%。中位生存时间为(208.0±14.5)d(95%CI 179.6~236.4),中位支架通畅时间为(178.0±21.1) d(95%CI 136.7~219.3)。无严重介入手术相关并发症。

结论

据不同类型的肝门部MBO,分别采用不同的双支架植入方式,125I 粒子条联合双支架植入术治疗Ⅲ~Ⅳ型肝门部MBO 患者是安全有效的。

Objective

Evidence has shown that the combination of a 125I seed strip and selfexpanding metal stents (SEMS) placement may prolong both survival and stent patency times in patients with malignant biliary obstruction (MBO).However, no research has been published on the application of 125I seed strips combined with double SEMS placement for the treatment of Bismuth type Ⅲ-Ⅳ hilar MBO.Therefore, we conducted a retrospective analysis to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of this combination in treating Bismuth type Ⅲ-Ⅳ hilar MBO.

Methods

A total of 215 patients with MBO received 125I seed strip combined with SEMS placement treatment; among these, 26 patients with type Ⅲ-Ⅳ hilar MBO received the 125I seed strip combined with double SEMS placement.We analyzed the patients' characteristics, SEMS placement methods, technical success rate, clinical success rate, overall survival time, stent patency time, and complications.

Results

Among the 26 patients, there were 7 cases of type Ⅲ hilar MBO and 19 cases of typeⅣ hilar MBO.Four types of stent placement techniques were used: X-type, T-type, Y-type, and tandem type.X-type stent placement technique accounted for 11.5% (3/26); T-type for 23.1% (6/26); Y-type for 38.5% (10/26);and tandem type for 26.9% (7/26).The technical success rate was 96.2%, and the clinical success rate was 100%.The median survival time was 208.0±14.5 days (95% confidence interval: 179.6-236.4), and the median stent patency time was 178.0±21.1 days (95% confidence interval: 136.7-219.3).No serious complications were observed.

Conclusion

The results of this study indicate that the combination of 125I seed strips with double SEMS placement is safe and effective in managing patients with Bismuth type Ⅲ-Ⅳ hilar MBO.

表1 26 例患者临床特征及125I 粒子和SEMS 植入情况
患者 性别 年龄(岁) 肿瘤类别 Bismuth分型 SEMS参数(mm) SEMS植入方式 胆管活检 SEMS跨壶腹 125I粒子数量(颗)
1 F 63 肝门部胆管癌 8×60/8×40 串联型 20
2 F 66 肝门部胆管癌 8×60/8×60 T型 11+13
3 M 81 肝门部胆管癌 8×60/8×40 T型 12+12
4 M 67 肝门部胆管癌 10×40/8×60 串联型 16
5 F 75 肝门部胆管癌 8×60/8×60 X型 15+15
6 M 64 肝门部胆管癌 8×60/8×40 串联型 异型细胞 22
7 F 80 肝门部胆管癌 8×40/8×40 Y型 12+12
8 F 86 肝门部胆管癌 7×60/6×40 Y型 12+12
9 F 90 肝门部胆管癌 8×80/6×40 Y型 18+8
10 F 76 肝门部胆管癌 8×60/8×60 Y型 腺癌 14+14
11 M 75 贲门癌,淋巴结转移 8×80/8×60 串联型 24
12 F 82 肝门部胆管癌 8×40/8×60 串联型 腺癌 16
13 F 54 肝门部胆管癌 8×60/8×60/8×40 Y型 腺癌 18+18
14 M 56 胆囊癌,肝转移 8×80/8×80 Y型 活检阴性 20+20
15 F 49 肝门部胆管癌 8×80/8×80 Y型 腺癌 20+20
16 M 61 胃癌,肝转移 8×80/8×60 T型 腺癌 16+14
17 F 60 胆囊癌,肝转移 8×80/8×60 X型 腺癌 16
18 F 81 肝门部胆管癌 8×60/8×60 X型 可疑腺癌 15+15
19 M 72 肝门部胆管癌 8×60/8×60 Y型 腺癌 15+15
20 M 37 肝门部胆管癌 10×40/8×40 串联型 20
21 M 75 肝门部胆管癌 8×60/8×60 Y型 可疑腺癌 15+15
22 M 56 胆囊癌 8×60/8×60 T型 16+14
23 F 65 乳腺癌,肝转移 8×60/8×60/8×40 T型 活检阴性 12+12+16
24 M 63 肝门部胆管癌 8×60/8×40 T型 腺癌 16+14
25 M 76 肝门部胆管癌 8×80/8×80 Y型 腺癌 20+20
26 F 48 胃癌,肝转移 8×80/8×40 串联型 阴性 25
图1 患者,女性,81 岁,肝门部胆管癌 1A:腹部增强CT 提示肝门部胆管增厚,伴强化,考虑肝门部胆管癌;1B:胆管造影显示Bismuth Ⅳ型肝门部胆管梗阻,胆管内活检病理可疑腺癌;1C:X 型双支架植入术,即一枚支架近端位于右前叶胆管,支架远端位于肝总管,另一枚支架近端位于右后叶胆管,支架远端位于左肝管;1D:术后腹部CT 提示两枚支架位置满意,肝内胆管无明显扩张。
图2 患者,男性,56 岁,胆囊癌 2A:腹部增强CT 提示胆囊癌累及肝总管及临近肝实质,肝内胆管扩张;2B:胆管造影提示BismuthⅢ型肝门部胆管梗阻;2C:T 型双支架植入术,即1 枚支架近端位于右前叶胆管,支架远端位于肝总管,另1 枚支架近端位于右前叶胆管,支架远端位于左肝管。
图3 患者,男性,76 岁,肝门部胆管癌 3A:腹部CT 提示肝门部胆管癌,继发肝内胆管明显扩张;3B:胆管造影提示Bismuth Ⅳ型肝门部胆管梗阻,胆管活检病理提示腺癌;3C:行左右侧胆管引流术及胆囊引流术;3D:Y 型双支架植入术,即一枚支架近端位于右肝管,支架远端位于肝总管,另一枚支架近端位于左肝管,支架远端位于肝总管。
表2 手术前后生化指标变化比较 (±s
表3 手术前后肿瘤标志物变化比较(±s
图4 Kaplan-Meier 生存曲线显示125I 粒子条联合双支架植入术治疗Bismuth Ⅲ~Ⅳ型恶性肝门部胆管梗阻患者 4A:生存时间为(208.0±14.5)d(95%CI 179.6 ~236.4):4B:支架通畅时间为(178.0±21.1)d(95%CI 136.7 ~219.3)。
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