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中华介入放射学电子杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (02) : 128 -134. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5782.2025.02.006

血管介入

冲击波球囊在急性冠脉综合征并冠状动脉严重钙化病变介入治疗中的安全性和有效性
卢慧芳1, 危小良1, 宋立争1, 邹志壮1, 陈柏荣1,()   
  1. 1. 519000 广东珠海,中山大学附属第五医院心血管病四科
  • 出版日期:2025-05-25
  • 通信作者: 陈柏荣

The safety and efficacy of shockwave balloon in the interventional treatment of acute coronary syndrome(ACS) with severe coronary calcified lesions

Huifang Lu1, Xiaoliang Wei1, Lizheng Song1, Zhizhuang Zou1, Bairong Chen1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Cardiovascular Disease Division Ⅳ, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Zhuhai 519000, China
  • Published:2025-05-25
  • Corresponding author: Bairong Chen
引用本文:

卢慧芳, 危小良, 宋立争, 邹志壮, 陈柏荣. 冲击波球囊在急性冠脉综合征并冠状动脉严重钙化病变介入治疗中的安全性和有效性[J/OL]. 中华介入放射学电子杂志, 2025, 13(02): 128-134.

Huifang Lu, Xiaoliang Wei, Lizheng Song, Zhizhuang Zou, Bairong Chen. The safety and efficacy of shockwave balloon in the interventional treatment of acute coronary syndrome(ACS) with severe coronary calcified lesions[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Interventional Radiology(Electronic Edition), 2025, 13(02): 128-134.

目的

观察冲击波球囊即冠状动脉血管内碎石术(intravscular lithotripsy, IVL)在急性冠脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome, ACS)合并冠状动脉严重钙化病变介入治疗中的安全性和有效性。

方法

纳入2022 年9 月至2023 年12 月在中山大学附属第五医院接受冠状动脉内IVL 介入治疗的ACS36 例患者。收集患者的基础资料、手术资料、复查冠状动脉影像学、术后随访至收集数据(2024 年12 月)主要心血管事件。评估IVL 治疗ACS 合并冠状动脉内严重钙化病变的安全性和有效性。

结果

36 例患者中男性27 例,女性9 例;年龄(66.08±8.36)岁,其中不稳定型心绞痛(unstable angina, UA)26 例(72.2%),急性非ST 段抬高型心肌梗死(acute non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, NSTEMI)8 例(22.2%),急性ST 段抬高型心肌梗死(acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, STEMI)2 例(5.6%)。IVL 治疗的靶血管中,3 例(8.3%)为左主干,26 例(72.2%)为前降支,1 例(2.8%)为回旋支,6 例(16.7%)为右冠状动脉。所有病例均有腔内影像学评价,靶血管均为严重钙化,钙化程度Ⅲ级有14 例(38.9%)、Ⅳ级有22 例(61.1%)。单独使用冲击波球囊有14 例(38.9%),联合切割球囊治疗的有22 例(61.1%),均成功置入药物支架或球囊,术后均残余狭窄<40%,心肌梗死溶栓治疗(thrombolysis in myocardial infarction, TIMI)血流3 级,术后最小管腔面积为(8.59±2.38)mm2,手术成功率100%。住院期间均无慢血流、无复流、冠状动脉穿孔、严重夹层、急性血栓等手术并发症。术后有16 例(44.4%)复查冠状动脉影像学,中位复查时间为12(5.5,12.5)个月,均无靶血管病变进展。中位随访20(13,21)个月,整个随访期间,无明确因靶血管病变再入院。

结论

IVL 是一种安全有效的处理ACS 合并冠状动脉严重钙化病变的新方法。

Objective

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Shockwave intravascular lithotripsy(IVL) in the interventional treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with severe coronary calcified lesions.

Methods

A total of 36 patients with ACS who underwent interventional treatment of coronary artery IVL at the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from September 2022 to December 2023 were enrolled in this study.Baseline data, procedural data, coronary imaging, and major cardiovascular events during follow-up through December 2024 were collected to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IVL in the treatment of ACS with severe coronary calcified lesions.

Results

Among the 36 patients, 27 were males and 9 were females; the mean age was 66.08±8.36.There were 26 cases (72.2%) with unstable angina,8 cases (22.2%) with NSTEMI, and 2 cases (5.6%) with STEMI.Among target vessels treated with IVL,3 cases (8.3%) involved the left main coronary artery, 26 cases (72.2%) were in the left anterior descending artery, 1 case (2.8%) was in the circumflex artery, and 6 cases (16.7%) were in the right coronary artery.All cases underwent intravascular imaging evaluation.All target vessels demonstrated severe calcification, with 14 cases (38.9%) exhibiting grade Ⅲ and 22 cases (61.1%) grade Ⅳ calcified lesions.Shockwave balloon was utilized alone in 14 cases (38.9%) and combined with cutting balloon in 22 cases (61.1%).Successful deployment of drug-eluting stents (DES) or drug-coated balloons (DCB) was achieved in all cases, with postprocedural outcomes demonstrating residual stenosis <40%, TIMI flow grade 3, minimum lumen area (MLA)of 8.59±2.38 mm², and procedural success rate of 100%.No complications, including slow-flow/no-reflow phenomenon, coronary perforation, significant dissection, or acute thrombosis, were observed.Postoperative coronary imaging follow-up performed in 16 cases (44.4%) at a median interval of 12 months (IQR 5.5-12.5)demonstrated no target vessel lesion progression.During the median follow-up of 20 months (IQR 13-21), no target vessel-related rehospitalizations were documented.

Conclusion

The new technique of IVL is safe and effective in the treatment of coronary artery calcification lesions.

表1 36 例患者的基本特征
表2 36 例患者的冠状动脉病变特征
表3 36 例患者手术特征
表4 36 例患者随访资料
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