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中华介入放射学电子杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (01) : 72 -80. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-5782.2026.01.011

技术与方法

基于MRI的影像组学预测TACE联合分子靶向药物及免疫检查点抑制剂治疗肝细胞癌疗效
沈骁, 严海涛, 张金星, 祖庆泉, 刘圣, 施海彬()   
  1. 210029 江苏南京,南京医科大学第一附属医院介入放射科
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-11 出版日期:2026-02-25
  • 通信作者: 施海彬

MRI-Based Radiomics for Predicting Treatment Response to TACE Combined with Molecular-Targeted Agents and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Xiao Shen, Haitao Yan, Jinxing Zhang, Qingquan Zu, Sheng Liu, Haibin Shi()   

  1. Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
  • Received:2025-06-11 Published:2026-02-25
  • Corresponding author: Haibin Shi
引用本文:

沈骁, 严海涛, 张金星, 祖庆泉, 刘圣, 施海彬. 基于MRI的影像组学预测TACE联合分子靶向药物及免疫检查点抑制剂治疗肝细胞癌疗效[J/OL]. 中华介入放射学电子杂志, 2026, 14(01): 72-80.

Xiao Shen, Haitao Yan, Jinxing Zhang, Qingquan Zu, Sheng Liu, Haibin Shi. MRI-Based Radiomics for Predicting Treatment Response to TACE Combined with Molecular-Targeted Agents and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Interventional Radiology(Electronic Edition), 2026, 14(01): 72-80.

目的

基于增强磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging, MRI)影像组学特征,构建模型以预测不可切除肝细胞癌(unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, uHCC)患者接受经动脉化疗栓塞术(transarterial chemoembolization, TACE)联合分子靶向药物(molecular-targeted agents, MTAs)及免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs)治疗的肿瘤反应。

方法

回顾性纳入2019年6月至2024年1月于南京医科大学第一附属医院接受TACE-MTAs-ICIs治疗的93例uHCC患者。从MRI图像中提取影像组学特征,采用多种机器学习算法构建预测模型,并评估模型性能。

结果

基于随机森林算法构建的影像组学模型预测性能最佳。进一步结合临床特征构建的列线图模型,在训练集和测试集中,曲线下面积分别为0.933和0.890。

结论

基于MRI影像组学和临床特征的联合模型,能有效预测uHCC患者对TACE-MTAs-ICIs联合治疗的肿瘤反应。

Objective

To develop and validate a model based on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics features to evaluate the tumor response of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) receiving transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with molecular-targeted agents (MTAs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Methods

A total of 93 uHCC patients who received TACE-MTA-ICI triple therapy at the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University between June 2019 and January 2024 were retrospectively included. Radiomics features were extracted from MRI images, and multiple machine learning algorithms were employed to construct prediction models, followed by performance evaluation.

Results

The radiomics model based on the Random Forest algorithm demonstrated superior performance. A nomogram model, further integrated with clinical features, achieving areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.933 and 0.890 in the training and testing cohort, respectively.

Conclusion

The combined model based on MRI radiomics and clinical features can effectively predict tumor response to TACE-MTA-ICI triple therapy in uHCC patients.

图1 研究人群入组流程图
图2 基于LASSO回归的影像组学特征筛选 2A:LASSO回归系数路径图;2B:LASSO回归交叉验证图;2C:最终筛选到的影像组学特征及其特征系数。
表1 患者基线资料
表2 肿瘤反应影响因素的单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析
表3 不同机器学习模型之间的性能比较
图3 各特征SHAP汇总图 纵坐标表示特征按重要性排序,横坐标表示 SHAP 值大小,反映特征对模型输出的影响强度和方向。
图4 联合临床特征和影像组学评分的列线图
表4 不同模型之间的性能比较
图5 临床模型、影像组学模型和联合模型的效能对比 训练集(5A)与测试集(5B)中不同模型的ROC曲线;训练集(5C)与测试集(5D)中不同模型的校准曲线;训练集(5E)与测试集(5F)中不同模型的DCA曲线。
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